Development of strategies to reduce under-5 mortality rate at selected public hospitals in Sekhukhune District, Limpopo Province, South Africa

Abstract

BACKGROUND The most common causes of under-five mortality rates are due to conditions such as diarrhoea, malaria, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, prematurity, and congenital abnormalities. The study shows that seeking medical attention early, complying with Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome or Tuberculosis treatment, and vaccinating children can reduce under-five mortality. The aim of this study was to develop strategies to reduce under-five mortality in selected public hospitals in Sekhukhune District, Limpopo Province. METHODOLOGY A quantitative research method was used, and data was collected using an adapted questionnaire. A total of 130 respondents out of 196 people participated in the study. The probability sampling method and stratified random sampling were used. The questionnaire was piloted to ensure reliability and validity in a different setting. Data was analysed using SPSS, IBM version 28.0. The results are presented as frequencies and percentages in tables, pie charts and bar graphs. Ethical standards were adhered to throughout the study. RESULTS The study revealed that the factors that facilitate the reduction of under-five mortality include seeking medical attention at an early age, nurses doing outreach services, vaccinating children, educating parents about how to care for their children, and compliance with treatments such as Tuberculosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. However, the study discovered that 65,4% strongly agreed that nurses doing outreach services, vaccinating children, educating mothers about how to care for their children can contribute to reducing under five mortality, while 3,8% disagree with the statement. CONCLUSION The study concluded that the reduction of under-five mortality should be enhanced by providing immunization programs and the availability of treatment in all public health care facilities, providing community services, and educating mothers and caregivers on when and where to seek medical attention when their children are sick.